What are the structural components of fiber laser cutting machine?
With the rapid development of laser technology, high-tech laser cutting machine has infiltrated into all walks of life, I believe that many people in the industry are no stranger to laser cutting machine. How much do you know about the structure of the laser cutting machine?
The structure of laser cutting machine
The laser cutting machine consists of a laser generator, a cutting head, a beam transmission component, a machine table, a CNC system and a cooling system.
一,Laser generator
A laser generator is a component that produces a laser light source. For metal cutting, fiber laser generators are currently commonly used. Because laser cutting has very high requirements for laser light sources, not all lasers are suitable for cutting processes.
二,Cutting head
The cutting head is mainly composed of nozzle, focusing lens and focusing tracking system.
1. Nozzle
There are three common types of nozzles on the market: parallel type, collector type and cone type.
2. Focusing lens
The energy of the laser beam is focused and a high energy density spot is formed. The medium and long focusing lens is suitable for thick plate cutting, and the spacing stability of the tracking system is less required. The short focusing lens is only suitable for thin plate cutting, which requires high spacing stability of the tracking system, and greatly reduces the laser output power requirements.
3, focus tracking system
Focus tracking system is generally composed of focus cutting head and tracking sensor system. The cutting head consists of light focusing, water cooling, air blowing and mechanical adjustment parts. The sensor is composed of sensing element and amplifying control part. According to the different sensing elements of the tracking system is also completely different, here, there are two main forms of tracking system, one is a capacitive sensor tracking system, also known as non-contact tracking system. The other is the inductive sensor tracking system, also known as the contact tracking system.
三,Beam transmission components
The main beam transmission component is the refraction mirror, which is used to direct the laser in the desired direction. The mirror is usually protected by a protective cover, which passes a clean positive pressure protective gas to protect the lens from contamination.
四,Machine table
The machine table is mainly composed of a weighing bed and a drive part, a mechanical part used to achieve X, Y, Z axis movement, and also includes a cutting table.
五,Numerical control system
The CNC system can mainly control the machine tool to X, Y, Z axis movement, but also can control the cutting power, speed and other parameters.
六,Cooling system
The cooling system is mainly a chiller, used to cool the laser generator. For example, the electro-optical conversion rate of the laser is 33%, about 67% of the electrical energy is converted into heat energy, in order to ensure the normal operation of the equipment, the chiller needs to reduce the temperature of the whole machine by water cooling.
The most important thing in the laser cutting machine is the laser itself, and the laser has three functional components that affect the application of the laser cutting machine in the work.
Pump source, gain medium and resonator are three functional components of laser.
1.
The pump source provides the light source for the laser, the gain medium (also known as the working substance) absorbs the energy provided by the pump source and amplifies the light, the resonator is the loop between the pump light source and the gain medium, and the oscillator cavity oscillates and selects the mode to output the laser.
As an energy source, the function of the pump source is to generate photons to stimulate the gain medium.
The photons emitted by the pump source pump the particles in the gain medium from the ground state to the higher energy level to achieve a population reversal. The incentive mechanism includes optical incentive (light pumping), gas discharge incentive, chemical incentive and nuclear energy incentive. At present, the pump source is generally used high power semiconductor laser (LD), the main role is to complete the conversion of electrical energy to light energy.
2.
The gain medium is used to invert the number of particles and amplify the light, while determining the wavelength of the output laser. The gain medium can be liquid, gas or solid. Liquid like organic solution, gas like carbon dioxide, solid like ruby. The basic requirement of the gain medium is to generate photons after excitation rather than photothermal conversion, in which the particles need to be in a relatively isolated state, so that the transition between energy levels can occur.
3.
The resonator mainly plays the role of "storage" and "purification" of the laser. The resonator is usually composed of two mirrors, and a variety of ring resonators can also be formed by couplers. The photon is reflected back and forth between the mirrors, constantly causing stimulated radiation in the gain medium, producing a high intensity laser. At the same time, the resonator can make the photons in the cavity have the same frequency/wavelength, phase and running direction, so that the laser has good directivity and coherence.
Compared to traditional cutting machines, laser cutting machines are able to cut multiple designs with greater precision and accuracy, and they can also repeat and consistently produce complex parts with high tolerances. In short, with the continuous development of laser technology, the application of laser cutting machine in the industry will be more and more, and more knowledge about laser cutting machine will also be of great help to the work of sheet metal industry.
After knowing this, you can visit our website, if you need to learn more about laser cutting machines or buy machines, you can also consult our sales staff, they can recommend the most suitable industrial cutting machine for you.
